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A laparoscopy can be done to identify possible causes for infertility, pelvic or abdominal pain, for treatment of endometriosis, ovarian cysts, adhesions, or for permanent sterilization. The laparoscope is a telescope device that allows the physician to see the inside of the abdomen by using light and a camera. This procedure is usually done on an outpatient basis at the hospital or a surgical facility. The recovery period is fairly brief, usually lasting several days to a week. During the procedure, a small incision is made in or slightly below the navel. Carbon dioxide gas (CO2) is put into the abdomen to allow the pelvic organs to be seen more clearly. Another small incision may be made in the pubic area, and an instrument called a manipulator may be used to adjust the position of the uterus. Different types of instruments such as clamps, scissors, cautery, or laser cautery tools can be inserted through the incision(s) to treat abnormalities that may be found in the pelvic space. If sterilization is being performed, your physician will use clips, bands, or cautery to seal the fallopian tubes in order to prevent pregnancy. If tissue or cysts are removed from the pelvis, they will be sent to pathology for analysis. When the procedure is complete, the tools and instruments are removed and the gas is released from the abdomen. You may have a few stitches to close the incisions. You may experience symptoms such as tenderness in your abdominal area, shoulder discomfort, vaginal discharge, and/or swelling after surgery. You will have a scheduled post-operative appointment with your physician to discuss the results.
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